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1 surface
1. noun1) no pl. Oberfläche, dieouter surface — Außenfläche, die
the earth's surface — die Erdoberfläche
on the surface — an der Oberfläche; (Mining) über Tage
2) (outward appearance) Oberfläche, die2. intransitive verbcome to the surface — an die Oberfläche kommen; [Taucher, Unterseeboot:] auftauchen; (fig.) ans Licht kommen (fig.)
auftauchen; (fig.) hochkommen* * *['sə:fis] 1. noun1) (the outside part (of anything): Two-thirds of the earth's surface is covered with water; This road has a very uneven surface.) die Oberfläche2) (the outward appearance of, or first impression made by, a person or thing: On the surface he seems cold and unfriendly, but he's really a kind person.) die Oberfläche2. verb1) (to put a surface on (a road etc): The road has been damaged by frost and will have to be surfaced again.) die Oberfläche behandeln•- academic.ru/72374/surface_mail">surface mail* * *sur·face[ˈsɜ:fɪs, AM ˈsɜ:rf-]I. nthe earth's \surface die Erdoberflächethe \surface of the moon die Mondoberflächeroad \surface Straßenbelag m, Straßendecke fnon-stick \surface Antihaftbeschichtung fpolished \surface polierte [Ober]flächeto bring sth to the \surface etw [von unten] heraufholen; ( fig) etw zutage fördern geh [o ans Licht bringen]below [or beneath] [or under] /on the \surface ( also fig) unter/auf der Oberfläche a. fig; MIN unter/über Tageall-weather/artificial \surface Allwetter-/Kunststoffboden mon the \surface äußerlich [o oberflächlich] betrachtet4.▶ to scratch [or scrape] the \surface [of sth] topic, problem [etw] streifen [o oberflächlich behandelnII. vi1. (come to top) auftauchena rumour has \surfaced that... es ist das Gerücht aufgetreten, dass...III. vt▪ to \surface sth1. (cover) etw mit einem Belag versehento \surface a road eine Straße asphaltierento \surface a room einen Raum auslegen2. (make even) etw ebnen [o glättenIV. adj attr, inv2. (not underwater) Überwasser-\surface fleet Überwasserflotte f\surface ships Überwasserfahrzeuge pl4. (superficial) oberflächlicha \surface impression of sb/sth ein erster Eindruck von jdm/etw* * *['sɜːfɪs]1. n1) (lit, fig) Oberfläche f; (of road) Decke f, Belag mon the surface it seems that... — oberflächlich sieht es so aus, als ob...
on the surface he is friendly enough — nach außen hin ist er sehr freundlich
3) (MIN)at/on/up to the surface — über Tage
2. adj attr3) (MIN) worker, job über Tage3. vt2) submarine auftauchen lassenauftauchen* * *A s1. allg Oberfläche f:surface of the earth Erdoberfläche;surface of water Wasseroberfläche, -spiegel m;2. fig Oberfläche f, (das) Äußere:a) äußerlich, nach außen hin,b) vordergründig,c) oberflächlich betrachtet:bring to the surface zutage fördern;3. MATHa) (Ober)Fläche fb) Flächeninhalt m4. Straßenbelag m, -decke f5. FLUG Tragfläche fon the surface über Tag, im TagebauB adj2. SCHIFF Überwasser…:3. Land…:5. fig oberflächlich:a) flüchtig (Eindrücke etc)b) vordergründig (Realismus etc)c) Schein…, äußerlich, unaufrichtig (Höflichkeit etc)C v/t2. a) glättenb) TECH plandrehenc) eine Lackierung spachteln3. eine Straße mit einem (Oberflächen)Belag versehen4. ein U-Boot auftauchen lassenD v/i1. a) an die Oberfläche kommenb) fig ans Tageslicht kommen:he did not surface er kam nicht zum Vorschein, er zeigte sich nicht2. auftauchen (U-Boot)* * *1. noun1) no pl. Oberfläche, dieouter surface — Außenfläche, die
on the surface — an der Oberfläche; (Mining) über Tage
2) (outward appearance) Oberfläche, die2. intransitive verbcome to the surface — an die Oberfläche kommen; [Taucher, Unterseeboot:] auftauchen; (fig.) ans Licht kommen (fig.)
auftauchen; (fig.) hochkommen* * *n.Fläche -n f.Oberfläche (Mathematik) f.Oberfläche f. -
2 surface
'sə:fis 1. noun1) (the outside part (of anything): Two-thirds of the earth's surface is covered with water; This road has a very uneven surface.) overflate; veidekke2) (the outward appearance of, or first impression made by, a person or thing: On the surface he seems cold and unfriendly, but he's really a kind person.) overflate, i det ytre2. verb1) (to put a surface on (a road etc): The road has been damaged by frost and will have to be surfaced again.) asfaltere, overflatebehandle2) ((of a submarine, diver etc) to come to the surface.) dukke opp, komme opp til overflaten•dekke--------flate--------overflateIsubst. \/ˈsɜːfɪs\/1) overflate2) utside, sidebe all on the surface være svært overfladiskon the surface på overflaten ( overført også) overfladisk sett, utvendig, tilsynelatende ( gruvedrift) i dagenrise to the surface stige opp til overflaten, flyte oppstriking surface strykeflate (på fyrstikkeske)surface of fracture ( medisin) bruddflatesurface of water vannflate, vannkant, vannspeilIIverb \/ˈsɜːfɪs\/1) komme opp til overflaten, stige opp til overflaten2) ( overført) dukke opp, bli oppdaget, stå opp (om morgenen)3) belegge, dekke, påføre4) overflatebehandle, pusse, polereIIIadj. \/ˈsɜːfɪs\/1) overflate-, jord-2) ( gruvedrift) dag-3) overfladisk, ytreoverfladisk høflighet\/politur -
3 surface
1. [ʹsɜ:fıs] n1. 1) поверхностьsmooth [uneven, rough, concave, convex] surface - гладкая /ровная/ [неровная, грубая, вогнутая, выпуклая] поверхность
surface speed [target] - мор. надводная скорость хода [цель]
to rise /to come/ to the surface, to break surface - всплыть на поверхность
deception is sure to come to the surface in time - обман всё равно когда-нибудь всплывёт /когда-нибудь да вскроется/
2) геол. земная поверхностьto work on [under] the surface - работать на поверхности [под землёй]
2. внешность, наружностьsurface impressions - внешние /поверхностные/ впечатления
surface plausibility - внешнее правдоподобие /-яя достоверность/
on the surface - внешне /с внешней стороны/
one never gets below the surface with him - по его виду никогда не узнаешь, что у него на уме
under the surface he is a very kind man - по существу /в душе/ он очень добрый человек
3. тех. поверхностьbearing surface - несущая /опорная/ поверхность
2. [ʹsɜ:fıs] vcooling [heating] surface - поверхность охлаждения [нагрева]
1. спец. отделывать поверхность; пригонять2. 1) всплывать ( о подводной лодке)2) заставить всплыть ( подводную лодку)3. 1) вынырнуть, внезапно появиться ( о человеке); обнаружить своё существование2) стать явным, известнымthe plan surfaced last summer - об этом плане стало известно прошлым летом
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4 surface
1. n1) поверхняsmooth surface — гладка (рівна) поверхня
2) геол. земна поверхня3) зовнішністьon the surface — зовні, із зовнішнього боку
4) тех. площинаsurface car — амер. трамвайний вагон (на відміну від вагонів надземної та підземної залізниці)
surface impressions — зовнішні (поверхові) враження
surface speed — мор. надводна швидкість ходу
2. v1) обробляти поверхню; обтісувати; приганяти, припасовувати2) випливати на поверхню (про підводний човен)* * *I n1) поверхня; гeoл. земна поверхня2) зовнішністьon the surface — зовні /із зовнішньої сторони
3) тex. поверхняII vbearing surface — несуча /опорна/ поверхня
1) cпeц. обробляти поверхню; приганяти, підганяти2) спливати ( про підводний човен); змусити спливти ( підводний човен)3) виринути, раптово з'явитися ( про людину); виявити своє існування; стати явним, відомим -
5 surface
sur·face [ʼsɜ:fɪs, Am ʼsɜ:rf-] nthe earth's \surface die Erdoberfläche;the \surface of the moon die Mondoberfläche;road \surface Straßenbelag m, Straßendecke f;non-stick \surface Antihaftbeschichtung f;polished \surface polierte [Ober]fläche;to bring sth to the \surface etw [von unten] heraufholen; ( fig) etw zutage fördern ( geh); [o ans Licht bringen];below [or beneath] [or under] /on the \surface (a. fig) unter/auf der Oberfläche (a. fig) min unter/über Tageon the \surface äußerlich [o oberflächlich] betrachtetPHRASES:to scratch [or scrape] the \surface [of sth] topic, problem [etw] streifen [o oberflächlich behandeln] vi1) ( come to top) auftauchen;a rumour has \surfaced that... es ist das Gerücht aufgetreten, dass...;to \surface sth1) ( cover) etw mit einem Belag versehen;to \surface a road eine Straße asphaltieren;to \surface a room einen Raum auslegenattr, inv1) ( of outer part) oberflächlich;( outward) äußerlich2) ( not underwater) Überwasser-;4) ( superficial) oberflächlich;a \surface impression of sb/ sth ein erster Eindruck von jdm/etw -
6 surface
ˈsə:fɪs
1. сущ.
1) поверхность;
земная поверхность little waves on the surface of the water ≈ небольшие волны на поверхности воды
2) вид, внешность, наружность He looks at the surface only. ≈ Он обращает внимание только на внешнюю сторону вещей. It's brought to the surface a much wider controversy. ≈ Это высветило гораздо более глубокие противоречия. Syn: appearance, exterior
3) геом. поверхность
2. гл.
1) отделывать поверхность;
стесывать
2) а) всплывать на поверхность( о подводной лодке) б) заставить всплыть
3) выявлять, показать, обнаружить Syn: show up поверхность - smooth * гладкая /ровная/ поверхность - the Earth's * поверхность Земли - * speed( морское) надводная скорость хода - to keep on the * держаться на поверхности - to rise /to come/ to the *, to break * всплыть на поверхность - deception is sure to come to the * in time обман все равно когда-нибудь всплывет /когда-нибудь да вскроется/ (геология) земная поверхность - to work on the * работать на поверхности - * burst наземный взрыв( атомной бомбы) - * line наземная линия (связи) - * radar наземная радиолокационная станция - * transport наземный транспорт внешность, наружность - * impressions внешние /поверхностные/ впечатления - * plausibility внешнее правдоподобие /-ая достоверность/ - on the * внешне /с внешней стороны/ - it is all on the * это все показное - his politeness is only on the * он только внешне вежлив - on the * it looks silly на первый взгляд это выглядит глупо - one never gets below the * with him по его виду никогда не узнаешь, что у него на уме - under the * he is a very kind man по существу /в душе/ он очень добрый человек - to look at the * only обращать внимание только на внешнюю сторону (техническое) поверхность - boundary * граничная поверхность - bearing * несущая /опорная/ поверхность - cooling * поверхность охлаждения( специальное) отделывать поверхность;
пригонять всплывать( о подводной лодке) заставить всплыть (подводную лодку) вынырнуть, внезапно появиться( о человеке) ;
обнаружить свое существование стать явным, известным - the plan *d last summer об этом плане стало известно прошлым летом ~ поверхность;
an uneven surface неровная поверхность conical ~ коническая поверхность correlation ~ корреляционная поверхность cylindrical ~ цилиндрическая поверхность display ~ вчт. поверхность отображения display ~ вчт. экран дисплея surface внешность;
he looks at the surface only он обращает внимание только на внешнюю сторону вещей;
on the surface внешне helical ~ винтовая поверхность hidden ~ вчт. невидимая поверхность indifference ~ поверхность безразличия surface внешность;
he looks at the surface only он обращает внимание только на внешнюю сторону вещей;
on the surface внешне road ~ поверхность дороги ruled ~ линейчатая поверхность saddle ~ седловидная поверхность saddle-shaped ~ седловидная поверхность spherical ~ сферическая поверхность surface внешность;
he looks at the surface only он обращает внимание только на внешнюю сторону вещей;
on the surface внешне ~ всплывать на поверхность (о подводной лодке) ~ заставить всплыть ~ отделывать поверхность;
стесывать ~ геом. поверхность ~ поверхность;
an uneven surface неровная поверхность ~ attr. внешний;
поверхностный;
surface politeness показная любезность ~ attr. внешний;
поверхностный;
surface politeness показная любезность tabulated ~ плитчатая поверхность toroidal ~ тороидальная поверхность -
7 покрыт растительностью
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > покрыт растительностью
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8 cover
cover ['kʌvə(r)]housse ⇒ 1 (a) couvre-lit ⇒ 1 (b) couvercle ⇒ 1 (c) couverture ⇒ 1 (d), 1 (f), 1 (g) abri ⇒ 1 (e) remplacement ⇒ 1 (h) couvrir ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (d), 2 (f)-(k) recouvrir ⇒ 2 (b) parcourir ⇒ 2 (d) traiter ⇒ 2 (e) avoir sous surveillance ⇒ 2 (l) marquer ⇒ 2 (m)1 noun∎ loose cover (for chair, sofa) housse f(b) (on bed → bedspread) couvre-lit m;∎ the covers (blankets) les couvertures fpl(d) (of book, magazine) couverture f;∎ (front) cover couverture f;∎ to read a book (from) cover to cover lire un livre de la première à la dernière page ou d'un bout à l'autre(e) (shelter, protection) abri m; Hunting (for birds, animals) couvert m; Military (from gunfire etc) couvert m, abri m; (firing) tir m de couverture ou de protection;∎ to take cover se mettre à l'abri;∎ to take cover from the rain s'abriter de la pluie;∎ to run for cover courir se mettre à l'abri;∎ that tree will provide cover cet arbre va nous permettre de nous abriter ou nous offrir un abri;∎ we'll give you cover (by shooting) nous vous couvrirons;∎ to keep sth under cover garder qch à l'abri;∎ to do sth under cover of darkness faire qch à la faveur de la nuit;∎ under cover of the riot/noise profitant de l'émeute/du bruit;∎ they escaped under cover of the riot/noise ils ont profité de l'émeute/du bruit pour s'échapper;∎ to work under cover travailler clandestinement;∎ to break cover (animal, person in hiding) sortir à découvert∎ to have cover against sth être couvert ou assuré contre qch;∎ I've taken out cover for medical costs j'ai pris une assurance pour les frais médicaux(g) (disguise, front → for criminal enterprise) couverture f; (→ for spy) fausse identité f, identité f d'emprunt;∎ familiar your cover has been blown vous avez été démasqué;∎ to be a cover for sth servir de couverture à qch;∎ it's just a cover for her shyness c'est juste pour cacher ou masquer sa timidité(h) (during a person's absence) remplacement m;∎ to provide cover for sb remplacer qn;∎ I provide emergency cover je fais des remplacements d'urgence∎ to operate with/without cover opérer avec couverture/à découvert(k) (in restaurant) couvert m(l) (envelope) enveloppe f;∎ under plain/separate cover sous pli discret/séparé(a) (in order to protect) couvrir; (in order to hide) cacher, dissimuler; (cushion, chair, settee) recouvrir; (in bookbinding → book) couvrir;∎ to cover sth with a sheet/blanket recouvrir qch d'un drap/d'une couverture;∎ to cover one's eyes se couvrir les yeux;∎ to cover one's ears se boucher les oreilles;∎ to cover one's face with one's hands (in shame, embarrassment) se couvrir le visage de ses mains;∎ to cover one's shyness/nervousness dissimuler ou masquer sa timidité/nervosité(b) (coat → of dust, snow) recouvrir;∎ to be covered in dust/snow être recouvert de poussière/neige;∎ his face was covered in spots son visage était couvert de boutons;∎ you're covering everything in dust/paint tu mets de la poussière/peinture partout;∎ figurative I was covered in or with shame j'étais mort de honte;∎ figurative to cover oneself in glory se couvrir de gloire;∎ our team didn't exactly cover itself in glory notre équipe n'est pas rentrée très glorieuse(c) (extend over, occupy → of city, desert etc) couvrir une surface de;∎ water covers most of the earth's surface l'eau recouvre la plus grande partie de la surface de la terre;∎ his interests cover a wide field il a des intérêts très variés;∎ does this translation cover the figurative meaning of the word? cette traduction couvre-t-elle bien le sens figuré du mot?(d) (travel over) parcourir, couvrir;∎ we've covered every square inch of the park looking for it nous avons ratissé chaque centimètre carré du parc pour essayer de le retrouver;∎ we covered 100 kilometres before breakfast nous avons fait 100 kilomètres avant le petit déjeuner;∎ to cover a lot of ground (travel great distance) faire beaucoup de chemin; (search etc over a wide area) parcourir un champ très vaste; figurative (book, author etc) couvrir de nombreux domaines; (meeting etc) traiter bien des problèmes(e) (deal with) traiter;∎ there's one point we haven't covered il y a un point que nous n'avons pas traité ou vu;∎ is that everything covered? (in discussion) tout a été vu?;∎ the course covers the first half of the century le cours couvre la première moitié du siècle;∎ to cover all eventualites parer à toute éventualité;∎ the law doesn't cover that kind of situation la loi ne prévoit pas ce genre de situation(f) (report on) couvrir, faire la couverture de(g) (of salesman, representative) couvrir∎ £30 should cover it 30 livres devraient suffire;∎ to cover a deficit combler un déficit;∎ Accountancy to cover a loss couvrir un déficit;∎ to cover one's costs (company) rentrer dans ses frais∎ to be covered against or for sth être couvert ou assuré contre qch∎ to cover a bill faire la provision d'une lettre de change;∎ Stock Exchange to cover a position couvrir une position(k) (with gun → colleague) couvrir;∎ I've got you covered (to criminal) j'ai mon arme braquée sur toi;∎ figurative the president covered himself by saying that… le président s'est couvert en disant que…(l) (monitor permanently → exit, port etc) avoir sous surveillance;∎ I want all exits covered immediately je veux que toutes les sorties soient mises sous surveillance immédiatement(o) (of male animal) couvrir, s'accoupler avecSport (in cricket) = partie du terrain située sur l'avant et sur la droite du batteur, à mi-distance de la limite du terraincover girl cover-girl f;American cover letter (for job application) lettre f de motivation; (sent with invoice etc) lettre f d'accompagnement;cover mount = cadeau offert avec un magazine;cover page (of fax) page f de garde;Sport cover point (in cricket) = joueur qui double celui qui est situé à droite du guichet;cover price (of magazine) prix m;cover sheet (of fax) page f de garde;Press cover story article m principal (faisant la couverture)(replace) remplacer; (provide excuses for) couvrir;∎ I refuse to cover for you with the boss je refuse de te couvrir auprès du patron(hole) remplir➲ cover up(a) (hide, conceal) cacher, dissimuler; (in order to protect) recouvrir; pejorative (involvement, report etc) dissimuler, garder secret(ète); (affair) étouffer;∎ they covered up the body with a sheet ils ont recouvert le cadavre d'un drap;∎ cover yourself up! (for decency) couvre-toi!(b) (in order to keep warm) couvrir∎ (hide something) the government is covering up again le gouvernement est encore en train d'étouffer une affaire;∎ to cover up for sb couvrir qn, protéger qn;∎ they're covering up for each other ils se couvrent l'un l'autre -
9 deep
B adj1 ( vertically) [hole, ditch, water, wound, wrinkle, breath, sigh, curtsey, armchair] profond ; [mud, snow, carpet] épais/épaisse ; [container, drawer, saucepan, grass] haut ; deep roots Bot racines fpl profondes ; fig bases fpl ; deep cleansing Cosmet nettoyage en profondeur ; a deep-pile carpet une moquette de haute laine ; how deep is the river/wound? quelle est la profondeur de la rivière/blessure? ; the lake is 13 m deep le lac a 13 m de profondeur ; a hole 5 cm deep, a 5 cm deep hole un trou de 5 cm ; the floor was 10 cm deep in water le sol se trouvait sous 10 cm d'eau ; the sound/spring came from a source deep in the earth le son/la fontaine provenait des profondeurs de la terre ;2 ( horizontally) [border, band, strip] large ; [shelf, drawer, cupboard, alcove, stage] profond ; a shelf 30 cm deep une étagère de 30 cm de profondeur ; people were standing six deep les gens étaient debout sur six rangées ; cars were parked three deep les voitures étaient garées sur trois files ;3 fig ( intense) [admiration, concern, depression, dismay, love, faith, impression, sorrow] profond ; [interest, regret, shame] profond, grand ; [desire, need, pleasure] grand ; [difficulty, trouble] gros/grosse ; Physiol [coma, sleep] profond ; my deepest sympathy parfois hum toutes mes condoléances ;4 ( impenetrable) [darkness, forest, jungle, mystery] profond ; [secret] grand ; [person] réservé ; they live in deepest Wales hum ils habitent au fin fond du pays de Galles ; you're a deep one ○ ! tu caches bien ton jeu ○ ! ;5 ( intellectually profound) [idea, insight, meaning, truth, book, thinker] profond ; [knowledge, discussion] approfondi ; [thought] ( concentrated) profond ; ( intimate) intime ; at a deeper level plus en profondeur ;8 (involved, absorbed) to be deep in être absorbé dans [thought, entertainment] ; être plongé dans [book, conversation, work] ; to be deep in debt être endetté jusqu'au cou ;9 [shot, serve] en profondeur.C adv1 ( a long way down) [dig, bury, cut] profondément ; he thrust his hands deep into his pockets/the snow il a enfoncé ses mains dans ses poches/la neige ; she dived deep into the lake elle a plongé dans les profondeurs du lac ; he plunged the knife deep into her body il lui a planté le couteau dans le corps ; deep in the cellars tout au fond des caves ; deep beneath the sea/the earth's surface à une grande profondeur sous la mer/la surface de la terre ; to sink/dig deeper s'enfoncer/creuser plus profondément ; to dig deeper into an affair fig creuser (plus loin) une affaire ; to sink deeper into debt fig s'endetter davantage ; he drank deep of the wine littér il a bu une large rasade de vin ;2 ( a long way in) deep in ou into au cœur de ; deep in the forest, all was still au cœur de la forêt, le silence régnait ; to go deep into the woods s'enfoncer au cœur des bois ; deep in the heart of the maquis/of Texas au cœur du maquis/du Texas ; deep in space loin dans l'espace ; deep in my heart tout au fond de mon cœur ; to be deep in thought/discussion être plongé dans ses pensées/dans une discussion ; to work/talk deep into the night travailler/causer jusque tard dans la nuit ; he gazed deep into my eyes littér il s'est noyé dans mon regard ;3 fig (emotionally, in psyche) deep down ou inside dans mon/ton etc for intérieur ; deep down she was frightened dans son for intérieur elle avait peur ; deep down she's a nice woman elle a un bon fond ; to go deep [faith, emotion, loyalty, instinct] être profond ; his problems go deeper than that ses problèmes sont bien plus graves que cela ; to run deep [belief, feeling, prejudice] être bien enraciné ;4 Sport [hit, kick, serve] en profondeur.to be in deep ○ y être jusqu'au cou ○ ; to be in deep water être dans de beaux draps ○. -
10 точка
point
- бортовая заправочная — external servicing point
- верхняя мертвая (вмт, поршня пд) — top dead center (tdc
положение поршня и соответствующего кривошипа копенвапа в точке, наиболее удаленной от оси коленвапа, т.е. положение поршня в самой верхней точке хода (рис. 64). — the position of а piston and its crankshaft arm when the piston is at its farthest removed position from the center line of the crankshaft, i.e., it is at the top of stroke.
- весеннего равноденствия весны — vernal equinox
- выброски, беспосадочного десантирования (парашютистов, грузов) — (para) drop point /area/
- выхода из района (зоны) — exit fix
-, десятичная (на пульте управнения и индикации) — decimal point. all decimal points are illuminated.
- заземления (эл.) — ground connection
на схеме должны быть указаны внутренние перемычки и точки заземления, — internal jumpers and ground connections be shown in the wiring diagram.
- замера — measuring point
- замерзания — freezing point
- заправки водой (маслом, топливом) — water (oil, fuel) servicing point
- измерения — measuring point
-, исходная — origin, initial point
- касания — contact point
- касания самолета при посадке (рис. 116) — touchdown point
- кипения — boiling point (bp)
- кислородного питания (штуцер) — oxygen outlet
-, конечная — terminal point
-, контрольная (контрольный вывод в аппаратуре) (кг) — test point (тр). a number of strategically placed тр provides simple and rapid trouble-shooting.
- крепления — attachment /attach /point
- крепления страховочных строп — afety harness attach(ment) point /receptacle/
-, критическая (точка нулевой скорости в потоке, обтекающам тело) (рис. 142) — stagnation point. a point in а field of flow about а body where the air particles have zero velocity with respect to the body.
-, критическая (отказа двигателя при взлете) — critical point, critical engine failure point
точка, в которой при разбеге самолета предполагается отказ критического двигателя с цепью опредепения дистанции прерванного взлета и траектории взлета, — critical point is а selected point at which, for the purpose of determining the accelerate-stop distance and take-off path, failure of the critical power unit is assumed to occur.
-, мертвая (в системе управпения) — dead spot
зона нечувствительности у нейтрального положения в системе управления, в котарой незначительные перемещения исполнительного мехацизма не вызывают к-л. срабатывания системы. — in а control system, а region centered about the neutral control position where small movements of the actuator do not produce any response in the system.
- места местоположения (ла) — position (fix), pos
- минимальной высоты принятия решения идти на посадку — minimum landing commit point. do not attempt а go-around after the minimum commit point (1000 ft above airport elevation).
-, наведения (при заходе на посадку) — land point. fix а land point on the runway
- из впп, не обеспечивающая безопасности выполнения посадки — nо-land point (on runway)
- на поверхности земли — point on surface of the earth, point on the earth's surface
- на траектории — point on flight path
- на траектории, указанная в графике на рис. — point(s) on flight path plotted in fig.
- начала выброски (тнв, парашютистов, грузов) — drop initiation point (dip)
- начала выравнивания (при посадке) — flare-out point
- начала выравнивания (после набора высоты) — leveling-off point
- начала координат — origin of coordinates
- начала отсчета — datum point, origin, reference point
- начала отсчета дистанций (пo продольной оси ла) — station numbering origin
- начала отсчета (траектории начального взлета) — (takeoff flight path) reference zero
начало отсчета координат различных точек на траектории начального набора высоты, расположенное в конце взлетной дистанции на уровне 35 фт (10,7 м) ниже траектории взлета. — this is а reference to which the coordinates of the various points in the takeoff flight path are referred. it is defined as the end of the takeoff distance and 35 feet below the flight path at this point.
- начала разворота — initial point of turn, roll-in point, turn point
- начала шкалы (прибора) — scale origin point
-, нейтральная — neutral point
-, неподвижная — fixed point
- нечувствительности (в системe управления) — dead spot
-, нивелировочная — leveling mark /point/
контрольные точки на определенных местах конструкции самолета, служащие для нивелировки ла. — reference marks for leveling the airplane on the ground.
-, нижняя мертвая (нмт) — bottom dead center (bdc)
положение поршня пд при его максимальном удалении от головки цилиндра (рис. 64). — the crankshaft position when the piston of an engine is at the greatest possible distance from the cylinder head.
-, нулевая (напр., электрического соединения *звездой*) — neutral point
-, нулевая заземленная — grounded neutral point
-, нулевая незаземленная — ungrounded neutral point
- нулевой подъемной силы — zero lift point
- обслуживания туалетов (заправки водой, химжидкостью, слив) — lavatory servicing point
-, опорная (отсчета, привязки) — reference point
- опоры — fulcrum
точка, относительно которой поворачивается или совершает колебательные движения рычаг. — the pivot point about which а lever oscillates or turns.
- осени, осеннего равнодействия — autumn equinox
- отказа двигателя (при взлете — engine failure point
- отрыва воздушного потока — airflow separation point
точка, в которой происходит отрыв пограничного слоя потока.
- отрыва (срыва) возд. потока, точка начала турбулизации — burble point. the point in increasing angle of attack at which burble begins.
- отрыва при взлете — lift-off point
- отсчета, нулевая — reference zero, origin
- пересечения — paint of intersection
- перехода (рис. 142) — transition point
- питания кислородом (штуцер) — oxygen outlet
- повышенного внимания (при осмотре, контроле) — thorough-inspection point /area, zone/, point subject to thorough inspection
- подъема (такелажная) — lifting /hoist/ point
- полного торможения (лотока) — stagnation point
-, посадочная (на впп) — land point fix а land-no land point on the runway.
- прибытия (прилета) — point of destination
- приземления — touchdown point
- приложения вектора — point of vector application
- приложения нагрузки — point of load application
- приложения силы — point of force application
- принятия решения — decision point
- принятия решения идти на посадку (300 м над уровнем аэродрома) — landing commit point (1000 ft above airport elevation)
- прицеливания — aim(ing) point
- прицеливания, наведения (предполагаемого касания впп при посадке) — land point
- пятиминутного взлета — five minute power point
точка, достигаемая самалетом через 5 минут после на чала взлета. режим работы двигателей (после достижения этой точки) должен быть уменьшен до макс. продолжительного. — the point at which a time of 5 minutes has elapsed after start of takeoff. the power of the operative engines must then be reduced to maximum continuous.
- равноденствия (в астронавигации) — equinoctical point, equinox
-, радионавигационная (рнт) — radio navigation station
- разворота — turn point
-, реперная (для нивелировки) — leveling point /mark/
- росы — dewpoint
температура, до которой нужно охладить воздух, чтобы содержащийся в нем водяной пар достиг состояния насыщения, — the temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water-vapor content in order for saturation to occur.
-, световая (отметка на экране катодно-лучевой трубки) — blip. a spot of light on cathoderay tube display.
-, световая (от осветителя) — spot of light
- смазки (на карте смазки) — greasing point (on lubrication chart)
- сообщения о месте (местоположении) ла — reporting point
- соррикосновения — point of contact
- срабатывания — actuation point
-, средняя (трех-фазной сети с четвертым проводом, с возможным заземлением) — neutral point (of three-phase, four-wire system). the neutral point may be grounded.
- старта (при взлете) — start of takeoff
- старта (начала полета) — point of departure
-, створная — align point
-, такелажная — lifting/hoist/point
chart showing lifting and jacking points shall be provided.
-, такелажная (надпись) — hoist point, hoist here
-, тарируемая — calibrated point
- технического обслуживания (бортовая, на борту ла) — (external) servicing point
- траектории полета — flight path point
- четверти хорды — quarter-chord point
точка на хорде аэродинамического профиля, отстоящая на 1/4 длины хорды от передней кромки (рис. 8). — quarter-chord point is on the aerofoil section chord at one quarter of the chord length behind the leading edge.
- шарнирного крепления — hinge point
элерон крепится (подвешивается) в (з-х) точках, — aileron is hinged at (three) points.
-, швартовочная (груза в отсеке) — tie-down point
-, швартовочная (ла) (рис. 150) — mooring/picketing/point
- шкалы (прибора) — scale point /mark/
- шкалы (рис. 72) — scale dot
- шкалы, оцифрованная, числовая — scale point marked with figure, figure-marked scale point
в вмт (верхней мертвой точке) — at tdc. the piston of cylinder no.1 is at tdc.
в нмт (нижней мертвой точке) — at bdc
до вмт — before tdc
замер в т. "а" — measurement at point "а"
недоход поршня до верхней мертвой т. на...град. — piston failure to reach tdc by... degrees
после вмт — after /past/ tdc
доходить до вмт (о поршне) — reach tdc
не доходить до вмт — fail to reach tdc
рассчитывать т. разворота — calculate turn pointРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > точка
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11 علم
عِلْم \ knowledge: what one knows: His knowledge of radio is very wide. His general knowledge is slight. learning: knowledge that is gained by long serious study: He is a man of great learning. scholarship: the qualities of a very learned person: This writer on Shakespeare is famous for his scholarship. science: the careful study of any serious subject: political science; the science of language. \ بِغَير عِلْمِه \ behind sb.’s back: when someone is not present: He tells untrue stories about me behind my back. \ عِلْم الآثار القَديمة \ archaeology, archeology: the scientific study of life in the distant past by digging up ancient cities, examining buried objects, etc. \ عِلْم الاجْتِماع \ sociology: the study of society and human behaviour in groups. \ عِلْم الإِحْصَاء \ statistics: (with pl. verb) facts that are shown by numbers; (with sg. verb) the science of showing facts by numbers: National statistics of births and deaths are collected regularly. Statistics is a modern science. \ عِلْم الأَحْياء \ biology: the science of living things. \ عِلْم الأخلاق \ ethics: the study of good and bad in human behaviour. \ عِلْم الأرصاد الجوّيّة \ meteorology: the science of the weather. \ عِلْم الأساطير \ mythology: myths in general; the study of myths. \ عِلْم الاشْتِقاق (في علم اللُّغَة) \ etymology: the study of the history of words. \ عِلْم الأصوات \ phonetics: (as subject of study; pl. as a practical activity) the science of speech sounds; the signs used for these sounds; the practical use of this science: Phonetics is a modern science. Are these phonetics correct? Phonetics help foreigners to pronounce words. \ عِلْم الاقتصاد \ economics: the science of national economy. \ عِلْم الإنْسَان \ anthropology: the scientific study of man, his way of life, religions, races, etc. \ عِلْم بالوُصُول \ acknowledg(e)ment: a note of receipt: I sent the money but I’ve had no acknowledgement. \ عِلْم التاريخ \ history: an orderly record or study of past events: a student of history; the history of Europe. \ عِلْم التَّحْليل النَّفْسي \ psychoanalysis: (the scientific study of) a way of treating disorders ot the mind by examination of all that sb. can remember of his past life, dreams, feelings, etc.. \ عِلْم التَّدْبِير المنزليّ \ domestic science: the study of cooking and other housekeeping skills. \ عِلْم التَّنْجيم \ astrology: the study of the stars in relation to human fate. \ عِلْم الجَبْر \ algebra: a branch of mathematics, using signs and letters as well as numbers. \ عِلْم الجُغْرافيا \ geography: the scientific study of the structure, produce and use of the earth’s surface. \ عِلْم الحَرْب \ warfare: the science of making war; fighting. \ عِلْم حَرَكة السوائل \ hydraulics: the science of controlling and using liquid pressure, esp. for engineering purposes. \ عِلْم الحَشَرات \ entomology: the study of insects. \ عِلْم الحَيَوان \ zoology: the scientific study of animal life. \ عِلْم الرِّياضيّات \ mathematics: the science of numbers and space; the practical use of this science: Mathematics is an exact science. maths: the usual shortening of mathematics. \ عِلْم الزراعة بدون تُربة \ hydroponics: the science of growing plants in water, without soil. \ عِلْم السِّيَاسَة \ politics: (sg. as an art or activity; pl. as personal beliefs, etc.) the art of government; the affairs of government; one’s opinions on government: Is politics an art or a science? My politics are my private concern. \ عِلْم الصحّة \ hygiene: the study and practice of how to keep good health, esp. by paying attention to cleaniness. \ عِلْم صيانة الأحراش \ forestry: the science of growing trees for man’s use as wood. \ عِلْم الطّبّ \ medicine: the science and the art of dealing with disease. \ عِلْم طَبَقات الأرض \ geology: the study of the rocks that make up the earth. \ عِلْم الطبيعة \ physics: the science of heat, light, sound, Motion, etc.: Physics is an important branch of science. \ See Also الفيزياء \ عِلْم طبيعيّ \ science: the study of the substances, forces, etc. found in nature (esp. Biology; Chemistry; Physics): Schools teach science. \ عِلْم الطُّيُور \ ornithology: the scientific study of birds. \ عِلْم الفَلَك \ astronomy: the scientific study of the stars. \ عِلْم الكِيمْياء \ chemistry: the science that studies the nature and behaviour of all substances. \ عِلْم المالية \ finance: the science of controlling money. \ See Also إدارة المال \ عِلْم المَنْطِق \ logic: the science of reasoning. \ عِلْم النَّبَات \ botany: the scientific study of plants. \ عِلْم النَّفْس \ psychology: the scientific study of the mind. \ عِلْم الهَنْدَسة \ geometry: the science of lines, angles, surfaces and solid figures, and of their measurements. -
12 sea
1) Meer, dasby the sea — am Meer; an der See
be all at sea — (fig.) nicht mehr weiter wissen
put [out] to sea — in See (Akk.) gehen od. stechen; auslaufen
2) (specific tract of water) Meer, dasthe seven seas — (literary/poet.) die sieben [Welt]meere
3) (freshwater lake) See, der4) in sing. or pl. (state of sea) See, die; (wave) Welle, die; Woge, die (geh.); See, die (Seemannsspr.)6) attrib. (of or on the sea) See[wasser, -schlacht, -karte, -wind]; Meer[ungeheuer, -wasser, -salz usw.]; Meeres[grund, -küste usw.]; (in names of marine fauna or flora) See[maus, -anemone, -löwe usw.]; Meer[brasse, -neunauge usw.]* * *[si:] 1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; ( also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) das Meer, Meeres-...2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) die See3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) der Seegang•- academic.ru/65239/seawards">seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood 2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.)...für Meeresfrüchte- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to sea* * *[ˌesi:ˈeɪ]Sin·gle Euro·ˈpean Actnn Einheitliche Europäische Akte* * *[siː]n1) Meer nt, See fa town by or on the sea — eine Stadt am Meer or an der See
as I looked out to sea — als ich aufs Meer hinausblickte
I'm all at sea about how to answer this question — ich habe keine Ahnung, wie ich die Frage beantworten soll
that left him all at sea — er hatte überhaupt keinen Durchblick (inf)
to put to sea —
beyond the seas (dated) — überm großen Meer (old), in Übersee
2) (= state of the sea) See f no pl, Seegang mheavy/strong seas — schwere/raue See
* * *sea [siː] s1. a) See f, Meer nb) Ozean m, (Welt)Meer n:the four seas die vier (Großbritannien umgebenden) Meere;at sea SCHIFF auf See;(all) at sea fig (völlig) ratlos;beyond the seas nach oder in Übersee;by sea auf dem Seeweg, mit dem Schiff;follow the sea SCHIFF zur See fahren;go to sea SCHIFFb) zur See gehen (Seemann werden);the high seas pl die hohe See, die Hochsee;in the open sea auf hoher See;a) auf See, zur See,long (short) sea lange (kurze) See4. fig Meer n:sea of flags Fahnenmeer;sea of flames Flammenmeer* * *1) Meer, dasthe sea — das Meer; die See
by the sea — am Meer; an der See
be all at sea — (fig.) nicht mehr weiter wissen
go to sea — in See stechen; (become sailor) zur See gehen (ugs.)
put [out] to sea — in See (Akk.) gehen od. stechen; auslaufen
2) (specific tract of water) Meer, dasthe seven seas — (literary/poet.) die sieben [Welt]meere
3) (freshwater lake) See, der4) in sing. or pl. (state of sea) See, die; (wave) Welle, die; Woge, die (geh.); See, die (Seemannsspr.)6) attrib. (of or on the sea) See[wasser, -schlacht, -karte, -wind]; Meer[ungeheuer, -wasser, -salz usw.]; Meeres[grund, -küste usw.]; (in names of marine fauna or flora) See[maus, -anemone, -löwe usw.]; Meer[brasse, -neunauge usw.]* * *n.Meer -e n.See -n f. -
13 sea
si:
1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; (also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) mar2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) mar3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) mar•- seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood
2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.) de marisco- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to sea
sea n marby sea por mar / en barcoDel verbo ser: ( conjugate ser) \ \
sea es: \ \1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativoMultiple Entries: sea ser
sea,◊ seas, etc see ser
ser ( conjugate ser) cópula 1 ( seguido de adjetivos) to be◊ ser expresses identity or nature as opposed to condition or state, which is normally conveyed by estar. The examples given below should be contrasted with those to be found in estar 1 cópula 1 es bajo/muy callado he's short/very quiet;es sorda de nacimiento she was born deaf; es inglés/católico he's English/(a) Catholic; era cierto it was true; sé bueno, estate quieto be a good boy and keep still; que seas muy feliz I hope you'll be very happy; (+ me/te/le etc) ver tb imposible, difícil etc 2 ( hablando de estado civil) to be; es viuda she's a widow; ver tb estar 1 cópula 2 3 (seguido de nombre, pronombre) to be; ábreme, soy yo open the door, it's me 4 (con predicado introducido por `de'): soy de Córdoba I'm from Cordoba; es de los vecinos it belongs to the neighbors, it's the neighbors'; no soy de aquí I'm not from around here 5 (hipótesis, futuro): ¿será cierto? can it be true? verbo intransitivo 1b) (liter) ( en cuentos):◊ érase una vez … once upon a time there was …2a) (tener lugar, ocurrir):¿dónde fue el accidente? where did the accident happen?b) ( en preguntas):◊ ¿qué habrá sido de él? I wonder what happened to o what became of him;¿qué es de Marisa? (fam) what's Marisa up to (these days)? (colloq); ¿qué va a ser de nosotros? what will become of us? 3 ( sumar):◊ ¿cuánto es (todo)? how much is that (altogether)?;son 3.000 pesos that'll be o that's 3,000 pesos; somos diez en total there are ten of us altogether 4 (indicando finalidad, adecuación) sea para algo to be for sth; ( en locs) ¿cómo es eso? why is that?, how come? (colloq); como/cuando/donde sea: tengo que conseguir ese trabajo como sea I have to get that job no matter what; hazlo como sea, pero hazlo do it any way o however you want but get it done; el lunes o cuando sea next Monday or whenever; puedo dormir en el sillón o donde sea I can sleep in the armchair or wherever you like o anywhere you like; de ser así (frml) should this be so o the case (frml); ¡eso es! that's it!, that's right!; es que …: ¿es que no lo saben? do you mean to say they don't know?; es que no sé nadar the thing is I can't swim; lo que sea: cómete una manzana, o lo que sea have an apple or something; estoy dispuesta a hacer lo que sea I'm prepared to do whatever it takes; o sea: en febrero, o sea hace un mes in February, that is to say a month ago; o sea que no te interesa in other words, you're not interested; o sea que nunca lo descubriste so you never found out; (ya) sea …, (ya) sea … either …, or …; sea como sea at all costs; sea cuando sea whenever it is; sea donde sea no matter where; sea quien sea whoever it is; si no fuera/hubiera sido por … if it wasn't o weren't/hadn't been for … ( en el tiempo) to be;◊ ¿qué fecha es hoy? what's the date today?, what's today's date;serían las cuatro cuando llegó it must have been (about) four (o'clock) when she arrived; ver tb v impers sea v impers to be; sea v aux ( en la voz pasiva) to be; fue construido en 1900 it was built in 1900 ■ sustantivo masculino 1◊ sea humano/vivo human/living beingb) (individuo, persona):2 ( naturaleza):
ser
I sustantivo masculino
1 being: es un ser despreciable, he's despicable
ser humano, human being
ser vivo, living being
2 (esencia) essence: eso forma parte de su ser, that is part of him
II verbo intransitivo
1 (cualidad) to be: eres muy modesto, you are very modest
2 (fecha) to be: hoy es lunes, today is Monday
ya es la una, it's one o'clock
3 (cantidad) eran unos cincuenta, there were about fifty people (al pagar) ¿cuánto es?, how much is it?
son doscientas, it is two hundred pesetas Mat dos y tres son cinco, two and three make five
4 (causa) aquella mujer fue su ruina, that woman was his ruin
5 (oficio) to be a(n): Elvira es enfermera, Elvira is a nurse
6 (pertenencia) esto es mío, that's mine
es de Pedro, it is Pedro's
7 (afiliación) to belong: es del partido, he's a member of the party
es un chico del curso superior, he is a boy from the higher year
8 (origen) es de Málaga, she is from Málaga
¿de dónde es esta fruta? where does this fruit come from?
9 (composición, material) to be made of: este jersey no es de lana, this sweater is not (made of) wool
10 ser de, (afinidad, comparación) lo que hizo fue de tontos, what she did was a foolish thing
11 (existir) Madrid ya no es lo que era, Madrid isn't what it used to be
12 (suceder) ¿qué fue de ella?, what became of her?
13 (tener lugar) to be: esta tarde es el entierro, the funeral is this evening 14 ser para, (finalidad) to be for: es para pelar patatas, it's for peeling potatoes (adecuación, aptitud) no es una película para niños, the film is not suitable for children
esta vida no es para ti, this kind of life is not for you
15 (efecto) era para llorar, it was painful
es (como) para darle una bofetada, it makes me want to slap his face
no es para tomárselo a broma, it is no joke
16 (auxiliar en pasiva) to be: fuimos rescatados por la patrulla de la Cruz Roja, we were rescued by the Red Cross patrol
17 ser de (+ infinitivo) era de esperar que se marchase, it was to be expected that she would leave Locuciones: a no ser que, unless
como sea, anyhow
de no ser por..., had it not been for
es más, furthermore
es que..., it's just that...
lo que sea, whatever
o sea, that is (to say)
sea como sea, in any case o be that as it may
ser de lo que no hay, to be the limit ' sea' also found in these entries: Spanish: adentro - arrastrar - besugo - blanca - blanco - caballito - comunicar - cualquiera - elefante - ser - erizo - erotizar - espada - exclusión - flexible - gruesa - grueso - hipocampo - loba - lobo - lubina - mar - marina - marino - marítima - marítimo - negarse - nivel - no - oportuna - oportuno - orientarse - respeto - segundón - segundona - siquiera - sugestión - un - una - vía - agrado - alto - altura - barco - bendito - breve - bruma - caer - calma - Caribe English: above - apply - as - blast - calm - can - Caribbean - clingy - damn - danger - Dead Sea - devil - facing - however - lost - lung - matter - may - Mediterranean - mist - place - prospect - Red Sea - sea - sea dog - sea lion - sea mist - sea-fish - sea-green - sea-lane - sea-level - sea-water - shame - sink - so - South Sea Islands - spin out - splendid - though - urchin - view - voyage - whenever - whichever - whoever - whose - wonder - word - Adriatic - Aegeantr[siː]1 mar m & f■ the sea is calm/rough today la mar está serena/picada hoy■ a heavy/light sea una mar gruesa/llana1 marítimo,-a, de mar\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLat sea en el marby the sea a orillas del marout to sea mar adentroto be all at sea estar perdido,-a, estar confundido,-ato find one's sea legs acostumbrarse al mar, no marearseto go by sea ir en barcoto go to sea hacerse marineroto put (out) to sea zarpar, hacerse a la marto send something by sea enviar algo por marsea air aire nombre masculino de marsea anemone anémona de marsea bass lubina, róbalosea bird ave nombre femenino marinasea bream pagro, pargosea breeze brisa marinasea captain capitán nombre masculino de barcosea change cambio radical, metamorfosis nombre femeninosea cow manatí nombre masculinosea dog lobo de marsea fog brumasea green verde nombre masculino marsea horse caballito de mar, hipocamposea kale col nombre femenino marinasea legs equilibriosea level nivel nombre masculino del marsea lion león nombre masculino marinosea mile milla marina (6000 pies ó 1000 brazas ó 1828,8 metros)sea mist brumasea pink armenia marítimasea trout trucha de mar, reosea urchin erizo de marsea wall dique nombre masculino, rompeolas nombre masculino, malecón nombre masculino, espigón nombre masculinosea ['si:] adj: del marsea n1) : mar mfthe Black Sea: el Mar Negroon the high seas: en alta marheavy seas: mar gruesa, mar agitada2) mass: mar m, multitud fa sea of faces: un mar de rostrosadj.• marinero, -a adj.• marino, -a adj.n.• mar s.f.• mar s.m.• océano s.m.siː1) ca) (often pl) ( ocean) mar m [The noun mar is feminine in literary language and in some set idiomatic expressions]a house by the sea — una casa a orillas del mar, una casa junto al mar
to goavel by sea — ir*/viajar en barco
to put (out) to sea — hacerse* a la mar
we've been at sea for a month — hace un mes que estamos embarcados or que zarpamos
to dump waste at sea — verter* desechos en el mar
to feel/be at sea: this left him feeling completely at sea esto lo confundió totalmente; at first I was all at sea al principio me sentí totalmente perdido or confundido; (before n) <route, transport> marítimo; < battle> naval; < god> del mar; < nymph> marino; the sea air/breeze el aire/la brisa del mar; sea crossing — travesía f
b) ( inland) mar m2) (swell, turbulence) (usu pl)heavy o rough seas — mar f gruesa, mar m agitado or encrespado or picado
3) (large mass, quantity) (no pl)[siː]1. N1) (=not land) mar m (or f in some phrases)•
(out) at sea — en alta marto remain two months at sea — estar navegando durante dos meses, pasar dos meses en el mar
•
beside the sea — a la orilla del mar, junto al mar•
beyond the seas — más allá de los mares•
to go by sea — ir por mara house by the sea — una casa junto al mar or a la orilla del mar
•
heavy sea(s) — mar agitado or picado•
on the high seas — en alta mar•
on the sea — (boat) en alta mar•
rough sea(s) — mar agitado or picado•
to sail the seas — navegar los mares•
the seven seas — todos los mares del mundo•
in Spanish seas — en aguas españolas•
the little boat was swept out to sea — la barquita fue arrastrada mar adentroto go to sea — [person] hacerse marinero
to put (out) to sea — [sailor, boat] hacerse a la mar, zarpar
- be all at sea about or with sthnorth2) (fig)2.CPDsea anemone N — anémona f de mar
sea bathing N — baño m en el mar
sea battle N — batalla f naval
sea breeze N — brisa f marina
sea captain N — capitán m de barco
sea change N — (fig) viraje m, cambio m radical
sea crossing N — travesía f
sea defences NPL — estructuras fpl de defensa (contra el mar)
sea-greensea dog N — (lit, fig) lobo m de mar
sea lamprey N — lamprea f marina
sea legs NPL —
sea serpent N — serpiente f de mar
sea shanty N — saloma f
sea transport N — transporte m por mar, transporte m marítimo
sea turtle N — (US) tortuga f de mar, tortuga f marina
sea urchin N — erizo m de mar
* * *[siː]1) ca) (often pl) ( ocean) mar m [The noun mar is feminine in literary language and in some set idiomatic expressions]a house by the sea — una casa a orillas del mar, una casa junto al mar
to go/travel by sea — ir*/viajar en barco
to put (out) to sea — hacerse* a la mar
we've been at sea for a month — hace un mes que estamos embarcados or que zarpamos
to dump waste at sea — verter* desechos en el mar
to feel/be at sea: this left him feeling completely at sea esto lo confundió totalmente; at first I was all at sea al principio me sentí totalmente perdido or confundido; (before n) <route, transport> marítimo; < battle> naval; < god> del mar; < nymph> marino; the sea air/breeze el aire/la brisa del mar; sea crossing — travesía f
b) ( inland) mar m2) (swell, turbulence) (usu pl)heavy o rough seas — mar f gruesa, mar m agitado or encrespado or picado
3) (large mass, quantity) (no pl) -
14 sea
si: 1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; ( also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) hav, sjø2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) hav3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) sjø(gang)•- seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood 2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.) fiske-- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to seahav--------sjøsubst. \/siː\/1) hav2) sjø3) sjø, sjøgang, (stor) bølge, bølgegang4) bølge, sjø, brottsjø, styrtsjø5) ( overført) hav, strøm6) kystabove (the surface of) the sea over havet(s overflate)all at sea i villrede, helt på jordet, ikke forstå noen verdens tingat sea på havet, til sjøs, til vanns, underveis, under reisen\/overfartenbeyond the sea(s) over havet, i oversjøiske landby sea til sjøs, til vanns, over havet, sjøveien ved sjøen\/havetby sea mail post med båtchoppy sea krapp sjøfollow the sea dra til sjøs, være\/bli sjømanngo to sea gå\/dra til sjøson\/by land and sea se ➢ land, 1on the open sea på åpent hav, i rom sjøon the sea på havet ved sjøen\/havet\/kystenover the sea over havet på den andre siden av havet, i oversjøiske landput out to sea gå til sjøsput to sea stikke til sjøs, legge ut, seile ut sjøsetteship a sea ta inn en sjø, få en sjø over seg, få en bølge innabordsstand to sea ( om fartøy) sette til havs\/sjøswithin the four seas på de fire hav (som omgir Storbritannia) -
15 sea
[siː] 1.1) mare m.beside o by the sea vicino al mare; open sea mare aperto; to be at sea essere in mare; once out to sea una volta (che saremo) in mare aperto; to put (out) to sea prendere il largo; to go to sea [ boat] salpare; a long way out to sea molto lontano dalla costa; by sea [travel, send] per mare; to bury sb. at sea seppellire qcn. in mare; the Mediterranean, North Sea — il Mare Mediterraneo, del Nord
2) (as career)to go to sea — (join Navy) arruolarsi in marina; (join ship) imbarcarsi
4) fig.2. 3.modificatore [ breeze] marino; [ air] di mare; [ crossing] del mare; [ voyage] per mare; [ battle] navale; [ creature] del mare, marino; [ power] marittimo••to be all at sea — essere o sentirsi sperso
* * *[si:] 1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; ( also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) mare; marino2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) mare3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) mare•- seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood 2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.) di frutti di mare- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to sea* * *[siː] 1.1) mare m.beside o by the sea vicino al mare; open sea mare aperto; to be at sea essere in mare; once out to sea una volta (che saremo) in mare aperto; to put (out) to sea prendere il largo; to go to sea [ boat] salpare; a long way out to sea molto lontano dalla costa; by sea [travel, send] per mare; to bury sb. at sea seppellire qcn. in mare; the Mediterranean, North Sea — il Mare Mediterraneo, del Nord
2) (as career)to go to sea — (join Navy) arruolarsi in marina; (join ship) imbarcarsi
4) fig.2. 3.modificatore [ breeze] marino; [ air] di mare; [ crossing] del mare; [ voyage] per mare; [ battle] navale; [ creature] del mare, marino; [ power] marittimo••to be all at sea — essere o sentirsi sperso
-
16 proportion
1. [prəʹpɔ:ʃ(ə)n] n1. 1) пропорция, количественное (со)отношение; пропорциональность; соразмерностьin [out of] proportion to - соразмерно [несоразмерно /несоизмеримо/] с
his arms were long in proportion to the rest of his body - его руки были непропорционально длинны по сравнению с туловищем
payment in proportion to work done - оплата труда соответственно выполненной работе
imports were in proportion to exports - импорт соответствовал /равнялся/ экспорту
the demand is out of (all) proportion to the supply - спрос значительно превышает предложение
2) правильное соотношение; соразмерность; гармонияto have an eye for proportion - обладать чувством пропорции /верным глазомером/
both domes are in admirable proportion - оба купола гармонично дополняют друг друга
2. pl размер, размеры3. 1) часть, доляa large proportion of the earth's surface - большая часть земной поверхности
you have not done your proportion of the work - вы не сделали своей части работы
2) относительное содержание, количество или число4. значимость; важностьyou must try to see these mishaps in proportion - вам надо попытаться взглянуть на эти неудачи в свете их действительной важности /как бы со стороны/
5. мат. пропорция, тройное правилоin direct [inverse] proportion to - прямо [обратно] пропорционально
2. [prəʹpɔ:ʃ(ə)n] v♢
to lose all sense of proportion - потерять всякое представление о том, что можно и чего нельзя1. соразмерятьto proportion one's expenditures to one's income - соразмерить расходы с доходом
to proportion the penalty to the nature of the crime - назначить наказание, соответствующее характеру преступления
2. дозировать (смесь, составные части)3. распределять, разделять что-л. пропорционально4. тех. задавать, определять размеры (машины и т. п.) -
17 cover
1.['kʌvə(r)]noun1) (piece of cloth) Decke, die; (of cushion, bed) Bezug, der; (lid) Deckel, der; (of hole, engine, typewriter, etc.) Abdeckung, dieput a cover on or over — zudecken; abdecken [Loch, Fußboden, Grab, Fahrzeug, Maschine]; beziehen [Kissen, Bett]
read something from cover to cover — etwas von vorn bis hinten lesen
on the [front/back] cover — auf dem [vorderen/hinteren] Buchdeckel; (of magazine) auf der Titelseite/hinteren Umschlagseite
under plain cover — in neutralem Umschlag
[send something] under separate cover — [etwas] mit getrennter Post [schicken]
5) (hiding place, shelter) Schutz, dertake cover [from something] — Schutz [vor etwas (Dat.)] suchen
[be/go] under cover — (from bullets etc.) in Deckung [sein/gehen]
under cover — (from rain) überdacht [Sitzplatz]; regengeschützt
under cover of darkness — im Schutz der Dunkelheit
7) (protection) Deckung, diegive somebody/something cover — jemandem Deckung geben
9) (Insurance)[insurance] cover — Versicherung, die
2. transitive verbcover [version] — Coverversion, die
1) bedeckencover a book with leather — ein Buch in Leder binden
she covered her face with her hands — sie verbarg das Gesicht in den Händen
the roses are covered with greenfly — die Rosen sind voller Blattläuse
somebody is covered in or with confusion/shame — (fig.) jmd. ist ganz verlegen/sehr beschämt
3) (travel) zurücklegen6) (Journ.) berichten über (+ Akk.)7)£10 will cover my needs for the journey — 10 Pfund werden für die Reisekosten reichen
8) (shield) deckenI'll keep you covered — ich gebe dir Deckung
9)cover oneself — (fig.) sich absichern; (Insurance)
10) (aim gun at) in Schach halten (ugs.)I've got you covered — ich habe meine Waffe auf dich gerichtet
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/85790/cover_for">cover for- cover in- cover up* * *1. verb1) (to put or spread something on, over or in front of: They covered (up) the body with a sheet; My shoes are covered in paint.) bedecken2) (to be enough to pay for: Will 10 dollars cover your expenses?) decken3) (to travel: We covered forty miles in one day.) zurücklegen4) (to stretch over a length of time etc: His diary covered three years.) sich erstrecken über5) (to protect: Are we covered by your car insurance?) decken6) (to report on: I'm covering the race for the local newspaper.) berichten über7) (to point a gun at: I had him covered.) in Schach halten2. noun1) (something which covers, especially a cloth over a table, bed etc: a table-cover; a bed-cover; They replaced the cover on the manhole.) die Decke2) (something that gives protection or shelter: The soldiers took cover from the enemy gunfire; insurance cover.) die Deckung3) (something that hides: He escaped under cover of darkness.) der Schutz•- coverage- covering
- cover-girl
- cover story
- cover-up* * *cov·er[ˈkʌvəʳ, AM -ɚ]I. n1. (spread) Abdeckung f; (flexible plastic case) Plane f; (for smaller objects) Hülle f; (cloth case) Kleiderhülle f; (protective top) Deckel m; (for bed) [Bett]decke f, Duvet nt SCHWEIZ; (for armchair, sofa) [Schon]bezug mmanhole \cover Schachtdeckel m2. (sheets)▪ the \covers pl das BettzeugAnn burrowed down beneath the \covers Ann zog sich die Decke über den Kopfhe threw back the \covers er warf die Bettdecke zurückhard \cover gebundenes Buch, Hardcover ntsoft \cover Taschenbuch ntto read a book from \cover to \cover ein Buch vom Anfang bis zum Ende lesen [o in einem durchlesenunder plain \cover in neutralem Umschlagunder separate \cover mit getrennter Postnot many of the seats are under \cover nicht viele Sitze sind überdacht; (concealed)he ordered his men to stay under \cover er befahl seinen Männern, in ihren Verstecken zu bleibenunder \cover of darkness im Schutz der Dunkelheitto take \cover somewhere sich akk irgendwo unterstellenI took \cover behind a wall/in a ditch/under the table ich versteckte mich hinter einer Wand/in einem Graben/unter dem Tischto break \cover aus dem [schützenden] Unterholz hervorbrechenunder \cover as getarnt alsto blow sb's \cover jdn enttarnen [o auffliegen lassendo you have \cover against theft? sind Sie gegen Diebstahl versichert?to ask for additional \cover zusätzliche Deckung verlangenfull \cover voller Versicherungsschutzthird-party \cover Haftpflichtversicherung fcomprehensive \cover Vollkaskoversicherung fto have \cover versichert sein, Versicherungsschutz habento operate without adequate \cover keinen ausreichenden Versicherungsschutz habendo you have sufficient \cover for this loan? haben Sie ausreichende Sicherheiten für diesen Kredit?to provide \cover for sb jdn vertretento provide emergency \cover einen Notdienst aufrechterhalten, eine Notfallversorgung gewährleisten13.▶ never judge a book by its \cover man sollte niemals nur nach dem Äußeren urteilenII. vt1. (put over)snow \covered the hills Schnee bedeckte die Hügelmy hands are \covered in ink/mud/paint meine Hände sind voller Tinte/Schlamm/Farbehow much of the Earth's surface is \covered by water? wie viel Prozent der Erdoberfläche liegt unter Wasser?\covered with blood voll Blut, blutig2. (to protect)they \covered him with a blanket sie deckten ihn mit einer Decke zuto \cover one's eyes/face with one's hands die Augen/das Gesicht mit den Händen bedecken3. (in order to hide)4. (extend over)London \covers 1579 square kilometres [of land] London erstreckt sich über 1579 Quadratkilometer; ( fig)the new office will \cover the whole of Scotland das neue Büro ist für ganz Schottland zuständig5. (travel)to \cover a lot of ground eine große Strecke zurücklegen; (make progress) gut vorankommen; (be wide-ranging) sehr umfassend seinduring the meeting we \covered a lot of ground wir sind bei der Sitzung gut vorangekommento \cover 20 kilometres in two hours 20 km in zwei Stunden fahren6. (deal with)this leaflet \covers what we've just discussed in more detail in der Broschüre finden Sie Informationen zu dem, was wir gerade ausführlich besprochen habendo these parking restrictions \cover residents as well as visitors? gelten die Parkbeschränkungen sowohl für Anlieger als auch für Besucher?the new regulations \cover precisely where and when protest marches can take place in den neuen Regelungen ist genau festgehalten, wo und wann Protestmärsche stattfinden dürfen7. (be enough for)▪ to \cover sth etw [ab]deckento \cover the costs die Kosten deckenhere's £20, will that \cover it? hier sind 20 Pfund, wird das reichen?8. (report on)the journalist was in Vietnam, \covering the war er war Kriegsberichterstatter in Vietnam9. (insure)are we \covered for accidental damage? sind wir gegen Unfallschäden versichert?the damage was \covered by the insurance der Schaden wurde von der Versicherung bezahltto be fully \covered vollen Versicherungsschutz haben10. (earn enough to pay) etw [ab]decken [o sichern]the dividend is \covered four times das Verhältnis Gewinn-Dividende ist 4:111. (protect)she tried to \cover herself by saying that... sie versuchte sich damit herauszureden, dass...12. MIL\cover me! gib mir Deckung!to \cover sb's retreat jds Rückzug decken13. (aim weapon at)▪ to \cover sb seine Waffe auf jdn/etw richtenhands up! I've got you \covered! Hände hoch! meine Waffe ist auf Sie gerichtet!14. (watch)▪ to \cover sth etw bewachen15. (do sb's job)▪ to \cover sth [for sb] etw [für jdn] übernehmencould you \cover my shift for me tomorrow? könnten Sie morgen meine Schicht übernehmen?16. (adopt song)to \cover a song einen Song covern fachspr, von einem Lied eine Coverversion aufnehmen17. ZOOLto \cover an animal ein Tier decken18.▶ to \cover a multitude of sins viel Unschönes verbergen▶ to \cover one's tracks seine Spuren verwischenIII. vito \cover well/badly paint gut/schlecht decken* * *['kʌvə(r)]1. n1) (= lid) Deckel m; (of lens) (Schutz)kappe f; (= loose cover on chair) Bezug m; (= cloth for typewriter, umbrella etc) Hülle f; (on lorries, tennis court) Plane f; (= sheet over merchandise, shop counter) Decke f, Tuch nt; (= blanket, quilt) (Bett)decke fhe put a cover over her/it — er deckte sie/es zu
she pulled the covers up to her chin — sie zog die Decke bis ans Kinn (hoch)
to read a book from cover to cover — ein Buch von Anfang bis Ende or von der ersten bis zur letzten Seite lesen
on the cover — auf dem Einband/Umschlag; (of magazine) auf der Titelseite, auf dem Titel(blatt)
3) (COMM: envelope) Umschlag m4) no pl (= shelter, protection) Schutz m (from vor +dat, gegen); (MIL) Deckung f (from vor +dat, gegen)to take cover (from rain) — sich unterstellen, Schutz suchen (from vor +dat ); (Mil) in Deckung gehen (from vor +dat )
these plants/the car should be kept under cover — diese Pflanzen sollten/das Auto sollte abgedeckt sein or (under roof)
to break cover — aus der Deckung hervorbrechen
6) (Brit: place at meal) Gedeck ntshe laid covers for six — sie deckte für sechs Personen, sie legte sechs Gedecke auf
2. vta covered wagon/way — ein Planwagen m
you're all covered with dog hairs — du bist voller Hundehaare
3) (= protect) deckenass (fig) — sich absichern
he only said that to cover himself — er hat das nur gesagt, um sich abzudecken or zu decken
I've got you covered! (with gun etc) — ich hab auf dich angelegt; ( fig, Chess etc ) ich hab dich
will £30 cover the drinks? — reichen £ 30 für die Getränke?
he gave me £30 to cover the drinks — er gab mir £ 30 für Getränke
6) (= take in, include) behandeln; (law also) erfassen; (= allow for, anticipate) possibilities, eventualities vorsehen7) (PRESS: report on) berichten über (+acc)8) (= travel) miles, distance zurücklegen9) (salesman etc) territory zuständig sein für11) (animals = copulate with) decken12) (= play a higher card than) überbieten* * *cover [ˈkʌvə(r)]A s1. Decke f2. weitS. (Pflanzen-, Schnee-, Wolken- etc) Decke f3. Deckel m:under cover GASTR zugedecktfrom cover to cover von der ersten bis zur letzten Seitec) (Schutz)Umschlag m5. Umhüllung f, Hülle f, Futteral n, Kappe f6. Überzug m, Bezug m7. a) TECH Schutzhaube f oder -platte fb) Abdeckhaube f (eines Plattenspielers etc)c) Schutzmantel m (von elektrischen Röhren)8. Briefumschlag m, Kuvert n:under same cover mit gleichem Schreiben, beiliegend;under separate cover mit getrennter Post;under plain cover in neutralem Umschlag10. Faltbrief m12. Schutz m, Obdach n, Dach n:get under cover sich unterstellenunder cover of night im Schutze der Nacht14. MILtake cover in Deckung gehen, Deckung nehmen;take cover! (in) Deckung!b) Sicherung f, Abschirmung f15. JAGDa) Lager n (von Wild)b) (schützendes) Dickicht:break cover ins Freie treten16. fig Tarnung f, Deckmantel m, Vorwand m:blow one’s cover auffliegen umg (Agent etc)17. Gedeck n (bei Tisch)18. WIRTSCH Deckung f, Sicherheit f:cover funds Deckungsmittel;cover ratio Deckungsverhältnis n (einer Währung)B v/t1. ab-, be-, zudecken ( alle:with mit):covered with voll von;covered with dust staubbedeckt;covered in sweat schweißbedeckt, -gebadet;remain covered den Hut aufbehalten;3. Papier, Seiten vollschreiben4. überziehen, umwickeln, umhüllen, umspinnen:covered buttons überzogene Knöpfe5. einhüllen, -wickeln, -schlagen ( alle:in, with in akk)6. a) verdecken, -bergen (auch fig)cover (up) one’s mistakes;cover up a scandal einen Skandal vertuschenfrom, against vor dat, gegen):cover o.s. fig sich absichern8. MILa) den Rückzug etc decken, schützen, abschirmen, sichernc) ein Gebiet beherrschen, im Schussfeld habend) ein Gelände bestreichen, (mit Feuer) belegen9. zielen auf (akk), in Schach halten:cover a loss einen Verlust decken;cover debts Schulden (ab)deckenagainst gegen):be covered Versicherungsschutz haben oder genießen12. decken, genügen oder ausreichen für:13. umfassen, umschließen, einschließen, beinhalten, enthalten, behandeln:14. (statistisch, mit Radar, Werbung etc) erfassen15. ein Thema erschöpfend behandeln17. eine Strecke zurücklegen:a) eine große Strecke zurücklegen,18. einen Bezirk bereisen, bearbeiten:21. jemanden beschatten, beobachtenC v/i1. TECH decken:2. SPORT decken3. cover for einspringen für, vertreten* * *1.['kʌvə(r)]noun1) (piece of cloth) Decke, die; (of cushion, bed) Bezug, der; (lid) Deckel, der; (of hole, engine, typewriter, etc.) Abdeckung, dieput a cover on or over — zudecken; abdecken [Loch, Fußboden, Grab, Fahrzeug, Maschine]; beziehen [Kissen, Bett]
on the [front/back] cover — auf dem [vorderen/hinteren] Buchdeckel; (of magazine) auf der Titelseite/hinteren Umschlagseite
[send something] under separate cover — [etwas] mit getrennter Post [schicken]
5) (hiding place, shelter) Schutz, dertake cover [from something] — Schutz [vor etwas (Dat.)] suchen
[be/go] under cover — (from bullets etc.) in Deckung [sein/gehen]
under cover — (from rain) überdacht [Sitzplatz]; regengeschützt
7) (protection) Deckung, diegive somebody/something cover — jemandem Deckung geben
9) (Insurance)[insurance] cover — Versicherung, die
10) (of song etc.)2. transitive verbcover [version] — Coverversion, die
1) bedeckensomebody is covered in or with confusion/shame — (fig.) jmd. ist ganz verlegen/sehr beschämt
2) (conceal, lit. or fig.) verbergen; (for protection) abdecken3) (travel) zurücklegen4) in p.p. (having roof) überdacht5) (deal with) behandeln; (include) abdecken6) (Journ.) berichten über (+ Akk.)7)£10 will cover my needs for the journey — 10 Pfund werden für die Reisekosten reichen
8) (shield) decken9)cover oneself — (fig.) sich absichern; (Insurance)
10) (aim gun at) in Schach halten (ugs.)11) (record new version of) covernPhrasal Verbs:- cover in- cover up* * *n.Abdeckung f.Decke -n f.Deckel - m.Schutz m.Umschlag -¨e m.Zeitungsmantel m.Überzug -¨e m. v.bedecken v.bespannen (mit Stoff...) v.decken v.umfassen v.überziehen v. -
18 Drake, Edwin Laurentine
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 29 March 1819 Greenville, New York, USAd. 8 November 1880 Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA[br]American pioneer oil driller.[br]He worked on his father's farm, was a clerk in a hotel and a store, and then became an express agent at a railway company in Springfield, Massachusetts, c.1845. After he had been working as a railway conductor in New Haven, Connecticut, for eight years, he resigned because of ill health. Owning some stocks in a Pennsylvania rock-oil company, which gathered oil from ground-level seepages mainly for medicinal use, he was engaged by this company and moved to Titusville, Pennsylvania, at the age of almost 40. After studying salt-well drilling by cable tool, which was still percussive, he became enthusiastic about the idea of using the same method to drill for oil, especially after researches in chemistry had revealed this new sort of fossil energy some years before.As a manager of the Seneca Oil Company, which referred to him as "Colonel" in letters of introduction simply to impress people with such titles, Drake began drilling in 1858, almost at the same time as pole-tool drilling for oil was started in Germany. His main contribution to the technology was the use of an iron pipe driven through the quicksand and the bedrock to prevent the bore-hole from filling. After nineteen months he struck oil at a depth of 21 m (69 ft) in August 1859. This was the first time that petroleum was struck at its source and the first proof of the presence of oil reservoirs within the earth's surface. Drake inaugurated the search for and the exploitation of the deep oil resources of the world and he initiated the science of petroleum engineering which became established at the beginning of the twentieth century.Drake failed to patent his drilling method; he was content being an oil commission merchant and Justice of the Peace in Titusville, which like other places in Pennsylvania became a boom town. Four years later he went to New York, where he lost all his money in oil speculations. He became very ill again and lived in poverty in Vermont and New Jersey until 1873, when he moved to Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, where he was pensioned by the state of Pennsylvania. The city of Titusville erected a monument to him and founded the Drake Museum.[br]Further ReadingDictionary of American Biography, Vol. III, pp. 427–8.Ida M.Tarbell, 1904, "The birth of industry", History of the Standard Oil Company, Vol. I, New York (gives a lively description of the booming years in Pennsylvania caused by Drake's successful drilling).H.F.Williamson and A.R.Daum, 1959, The American Petroleum Industry. The Age of Illumination, Evans ton, Ill.WKBiographical history of technology > Drake, Edwin Laurentine
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19 meridiano
adj.1 very clear, self-evident.2 meridian, noon, midday.m.meridian, meridian line.* * *► adjetivo1 (de mediodía) midday1 meridian* * *1. ADJ1) [calor] midday antes de s2) [luz] very bright3) [hecho] clear as day, crystal-clear2.SM (Astron, Geog) meridian* * *I- na adjetivoa) ( del mediodía) meridianla hora meridiana — (liter) noon
b) < luz> dazzlingIImasculino meridian* * *I- na adjetivoa) ( del mediodía) meridianla hora meridiana — (liter) noon
b) < luz> dazzlingIImasculino meridian* * *meridiano11 = meridian.Ex: A meridian is an imaginary line on the Earth's surface from the North Pole to the South Pole that connects all locations with a given longitude.
* meridiano cero = prime meridian.* meridiano de Greenwich = prime meridian.* meridiano de Greenwich, el = Greenwich meridian, the.* primer meridiano = prime meridian.meridiano22 = meridian.Nota: Medicina.Ex: Over 5000 years ago the Chinese discovered and identified twelve acupuncture meridians along which subtle energy travels in the human body.
* * *1 (del mediodía) meridianla hora meridiana ( liter); noon2 ‹luz› dazzlingsu explicación fue de una claridad meridiana his explanation was crystal clear2 ( Mat) meridianCompuesto:meridiano cero or de GreenwichGreenwich Meridian* * *
meridiano sustantivo masculino
meridian;
meridiano cero or de Greenwich /'grinɪtʃ/ Greenwich Meridian
meridiano,-a
I adjetivo
1 (del mediodía) meridian, midday
2 (evidente) clear as daylight, dazzling: expuso sus argumentos con una claridad meridiana, he set out crystal-clear arguments
II m Geog meridian
el meridiano de Greenwich, the Greenwich meridian
' meridiano' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
meridiana
English:
Greenwich Mean Time
* * *meridiano, -a♦ adj1. [hora] midday2. [claro] crystal clear;su razonamiento es de una claridad meridiana her reasoning is crystal clear♦ nm1. Geog meridianel meridiano celeste the celestial meridian;el meridiano cero the Greenwich meridian;el meridiano de Greenwich the Greenwich meridian2. Geom meridian* * *m/adj meridian* * *meridiano, -na adj1) : midday2) : crystal clearmeridiano nm: meridian -
20 sea
[si:] 1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; ( also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) morje2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) morje3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) morje•- seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood 2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.) z morsko hrano- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to sea* * *[si:]nounmorje; ocean; val; figuratively veliko prostranstvo, velika množina, figuratively morje, mnogo, velikoon the sea — na morju, ob morjubeyond (over) sea(s) — prek, onstran morjabetween devil and deep sea — med dvema zloma, med nakovalom in kladivomseas of blood figuratively morja, potoki krvia sea of difficulties — morje (mnogo, veliko) težava sea like a looking glass, a sea like a sheet of glass — kot zrcalo (steklo) gladko morjechoppy sea — nagubano, nagrbančeno morjethe high sea — odprto morje; morje zunaj teritorialnih vodaI am (all) at sea figuratively čisto sem zmeden (v dvomih), ne vem, kaj naj naredimwhen the sea gives up its dead figuratively na sodni danto go to sea — vkrcati se; postati mornarto put to sea — spustiti (ladjo) v morje, splaviti (ladjo)
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